See -if on Wiktionary
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}
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ive"
],
"id": "en--if-fro-suffix-mukcQCIr",
"links": [
[
"-ive",
"-ive"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-if"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "-ief"
},
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-if"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ief"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-iv"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-iv"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-if"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "frm:-if<id:-ive>",
"id": "-ive"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-iHwós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-wós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-īvus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-if\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-if\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-if\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-id=\"-ive\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"-if\" id=\"French:_-ive\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-if",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French -if",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-if"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French -if",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-if"
},
"expansion": "Old French -if",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-īvus"
},
"expansion": "Latin -īvus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French -if, from Old French -if, from Latin -īvus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ive",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ifs",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ives",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-if (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ive, masculine plural -ifs, feminine plural -ives)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French entries with etymon",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French suffixes",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"-ive; forms adjectives denoting characteristics or qualities"
],
"links": [
[
"-ive",
"-ive"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/if/"
}
],
"word": "-if"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-if",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-iv"
}
],
"categories": [
"German dated terms",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German suffixes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -iv"
],
"links": [
[
"-iv",
"-iv#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) alternative form of -iv"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dated",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-if"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fr",
"3": "frm",
"4": "fro",
"5": "la",
"6": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-ief"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -ief",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch -ief.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-if",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian suffixes",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from French",
"Indonesian terms derived from Latin",
"Indonesian terms derived from Middle French",
"Indonesian terms derived from Old French",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "respons (“response”) > responsif (“responsive”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ive: forms adjectives denoting characteristics or qualities"
],
"links": [
[
"-ive",
"-ive"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/if/"
}
],
"word": "-if"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "en",
"3": "-ive"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from English -ive",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from English -ive.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-يف",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "-يف"
},
"expansion": "-if (Jawi spelling -يف)",
"name": "ms-suffix"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"-if"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay learned borrowings from English",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay suffixes",
"Malay terms borrowed from English",
"Malay terms derived from English",
"Malay terms with usage examples",
"Malay unproductive suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"english": "passive",
"text": "pasif",
"translation": "passive",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"english": "normative",
"text": "normatif",
"translation": "normative",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"english": "aggressive",
"text": "agresif",
"translation": "aggressive",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ive."
],
"links": [
[
"-ive",
"-ive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-if/"
}
],
"word": "-if"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix",
"var": "1"
},
"expansion": "-if",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-yf"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English variant lemmas",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -yf"
],
"links": [
[
"-yf",
"-yf#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-if"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "-ief"
},
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-if"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ief"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-iv"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-iv"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-if"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-if"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "fro:-if<id:-ive>",
"id": "-ive",
"text": ":la"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-iHwós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-wós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-īvus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-if\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"-if\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" }\" data-id=\"-ive\" data-lang=\"frm\" data-title=\"-if\" id=\"Middle_French:_-ive\">\nInherited from Old French -if, from Latin -īvus.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French -if, from Latin -īvus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-if",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle French entries with etymology texts",
"Middle French entries with etymon",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French suffixes",
"Middle French terms derived from Latin",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle French terms inherited from Latin",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"-ive"
],
"links": [
[
"-ive",
"-ive"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-if"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-yf"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-if"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-yfe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ife"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-yve"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ef"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-y"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-i"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ye"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ie"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-ive"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-iff"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-y"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-e"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "-ief"
},
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-if"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-ief"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-iv"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-iv"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-if"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-if"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "-if"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "la:-īvus<id:-ive>",
"id": "-ive",
"text": ":la"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-iHwós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-wós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-īvus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-if\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }\" data-id=\"-ive\" data-lang=\"fro\" data-title=\"-if\" id=\"Old_French:_-ive\">\nInherited from Latin -īvus.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -īvus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-if",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with etymology texts",
"Old French entries with etymon",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French suffixes",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"glosses": [
"-ive"
],
"links": [
[
"-ive",
"-ive"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-if"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -if meaning in All languages combined (15.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-if"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-if",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.